Hepatitis B Virus Tests
Test Overview
Hepatitis B tests are blood tests that show whether you have an active hepatitis B infection. The tests can also show if you had the infection in the past.
The tests look for different signs of infection:
- Antigens, which are made by bacteria or viruses.
- Antibodies, which are made by the body to fight infection.
- Hepatitis B DNA, which is the virus's genetic material.
Hepatitis antibodies can take weeks or months to develop. So an infected person may test negative early in the infection.
Most common tests
The most common tests are:
- Hepatitis B surface antigen. This antigen is the earliest sign of an active hepatitis B infection. It may be present before symptoms occur.
- Hepatitis B surface antibody. The presence of this antibody means that the infection is at the end of its active stage and you are no longer contagious. You can't pass the virus to others.
- Hepatitis B e-antigen. This antigen is only present during an active hepatitis B infection.
- Hepatitis B DNA testing. A high level of this DNA means that the virus is multiplying in your body and you are very contagious.
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